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ADHD Medications and Treatments Stimulants are the main medications used to treat ADHD. They boost neurotransmitters, which help control impulses and improve concentration. These include amphetamine and dextroamphetamine which are marketed under names such as Adderall and methylphenidate, as well as Lisdexamfetamine, also known as Ritalin and Concerta. If stimulants do not work or cause too many side effects, doctors may prescribe antidepressants like Wellbutrin. These drugs target norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. Medication The brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine are vital for concentration and thinking. The stimulants are the most frequently used drugs for ADHD and can be beneficial if they are used according to the directions. However, like all medications stimulants can trigger side effects. Doctors and patients collaborate to determine the optimal dose or combination of medication to minimize the side effects. Symptoms of ADHD can vary, but they always include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. The signs usually start at the age of 12 and progress through adolescence and sometimes into adulthood. The symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe and could differ for boys and girls. Boys and children assigned male at birth (AMAB) tend to show more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women. A health care provider can pinpoint ADHD in a teenager or child by following the American Psychiatric Association guidelines. They will discuss with the child and their parents about their symptoms, and will observe them in various situations. To be diagnosed with ADHD the child must exhibit at least six signs that are present in more than one environment, and they must impair the child's development and functioning. The symptoms must have manifested prior to the age of 12 years old. Most children with ADHD are prescribed medication to treat their symptoms. Doctors can prescribe methylphenidate, a drug found in Ritalin, or amphetamine-based stimulants, such as Adderall. Doctors may also prescribe nonstimulant treatments for ADHD, including atomoxetine and bupropion. These drugs don't work like stimulants do, but they can lessen some of the ADHD's unpleasant adverse effects. People who suffer from ADHD often have other psychiatric disorders, such as depression or a different mood disorder. They also have a higher risk of substance use disorders. Behavioral therapy, which is able to teach children and adults better ways to cope with their ADHD, can help address these issues. Research has shown that a combination of behavioral therapy and medication can improve the quality of life of a person and reduce symptoms. Some kids and teenagers aren't able to respond well to ADHD medications, so they may require a different medication or a lower dose. Clinical trials are ongoing to find the best treatment for adults and adolescents with ADHD. Behavioral therapy For some, behavior therapy might not require medication. For these individuals it is possible to make changes to their diet and lifestyle can help alleviate symptoms of ADHD. Additionally, they might be able to improve their organization skills, such as keeping important items in designated areas or using reminders or alarms. They can also make use of exercise and other activities that require physical movement to channel energy, rather than acting impulsively. Behavioral therapy can be especially beneficial for children with ADHD. It can teach parents effective parenting skills, as well as ways to help their child deal with stress and other problems that can cause attention deficits. Behavioral therapy helps children learn to control their emotions, improve their self-esteem, and manage their behavior at school. To diagnose ADHD Doctors will discuss the symptoms with the patient and observe their behavior in different situations. They will review school records and questionnaires from family members, teachers and others who know the person. They will also rule other health conditions and illnesses that exhibit similar symptoms. They will also apply ADHD rating scales and conduct an examination for medical reasons. The most commonly used medications to treat ADHD are stimulants designed to increase brain activity in areas that control attention. These include the prefrontal cortex as well as the basal Ganglia. There are many non-stimulant medicines that are used to treat ADHD and other disorders. These are generally considered less effective, but they are safer than stimulants. For those with ADHD, treatment can be lengthy and it's essential to see a medical provider regularly. The symptoms of ADHD can cause problems with relationships, work and school. If left untreated, it can lead to depression, low self-esteem eating disorders, poor diet and alcohol or drug dependence. It's also crucial to speak with your doctor if you discover that a medicine that was previously effective doesn't have the same effect or causes negative side consequences. You should also make sure to inform your doctor of any other medications or supplements you are taking, as certain supplements can interact with ADHD medications. Counseling Whether or not medication is utilized or not, counseling can help adults and children with ADHD deal with the everyday issues caused by their disorder. Therapists can teach them how to remember appointments, use calendars and date books and create realistic goals for themselves. Counseling can also aid in improving relationships and reduce conflict. Mental health professionals are also able to help parents understand the symptoms and help them develop new skills, behaviors, and ways of communicating with their children. For adults, counseling can teach them how to organize their lives and improve their performance. They can learn strategies to stay focused on their tasks by breaking down large tasks into smaller, more manageable steps, and practice coping with anger, anxiety, and frustration. Psychotherapy can also help adults gain confidence and control impulsive and risk-taking behaviors. Many adults find alternative treatment options beneficial in addition to counseling. The stimulants can cause negative side effects, including insomnia and jitteriness, therefore they should only be taken as directed. People with ADHD need to be honest with their doctor and let them know that they are having issues with certain medications. The majority of doctors prescribe the stimulant methylphenidate, also known as MPH to treat ADHD. This drug increases the levels of neurotransmitters that influence attention and behaviour in the brain. The drug is available in immediate-release as well as extended-release versions. The longer-acting forms accumulate slowly in the bloodstream, and are worn off slowly. This helps to reduce the “crash” caused by a drug's levels dropping. Certain non-stimulant medications, such as the antidepressant atomoxetine or bupropion can also be effective for some adults with ADHD. They are slower to work than stimulants, and could be more beneficial for people who are unable to take them due to health issues or severe adverse effects. Some people who suffer from ADHD may also be suffering from anxiety or depression. In these instances, doctors will prescribe an antidepressant, or an antianxiety medicine, along with the ADHD medication. They will be aware of how the medications may interact and they will monitor for any potential side consequences. Other treatment options ADHD can be treated with a variety of medications. They all aim to increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This improves the ability to concentrate and listen, as well as their memory. These medications include stimulants as well as non-stimulants. The stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. Although stimulants are effective for many people, they may cause adverse negative effects. Some of these adverse effects could be serious. Your doctor can assist you to find the right dose of medication for your requirements. They may also suggest alternative treatments that can reduce or eliminate side effects. The two most commonly used kinds of stimulants used for ADHD are dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate. These medications are sold under a variety of brand names, such as Adderall and Ritalin. They are available in short-acting and extended-release preparations. Short-acting medicines can last up to 3-4 hrs and are usually taken twice or three times a day. Extended-release preparations can last for up to 16 hours and are usually taken once daily. Many adults prefer to augment an extended-release morning medication with a quick-acting dose in late afternoon or evening to bridge the gap when the medicine is fading. adhd without medication can cause nausea, changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Some people may be more anxious and irritable than usual. They can cause tics to get worse or increase the frequency. They can also cause a minor slowing of growth in certain teens and children, but it is only temporary and doesn't alter the final height. They can also lead to weight gain and increase appetite. They can also cause an increase in blood cholesterol in certain individuals. Certain antidepressants can also be utilized “off-label”, to treat ADHD. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is the most frequently used drug. It works by increasing neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine. It can be particularly helpful for people who have both ADHD and anxiety or depression. It may also be beneficial when stimulants don't work for you, if you are unable to tolerate them or are at risk of abusing them, or if you have an addiction to drugs.